Fighting Hostile Mobs
When fighting hostile mobs, it is imperative that you continuously hit them till they are dead to stop them from killing you. For example, when you encounter monsters like a zombie or spider.
When fighting a creeper, you should hit it and run backward to avoid being blown into pieces. This is called the hit and run strategy.
When you are up against a skeleton it would be useful to have a shield to avoid getting hit and in between the skeleton's shots, you should have a bow and arrow ready to shoot it. Do this over and over until the skeleton is dead.
Then last but not least a phantom. When you try to kill a phantom, it will continuously dive at you during this attack you can strike it, or you could try and shoot it from the air with a bow and arrow or crossbow, though I would prefer to hit it when it dives at you.